Well, it’s certainly in space, and you’ve used a bunch of obvious Western tropes… but, for all that, it doesn’t really hang together.
Also, I’m afraid I really dislike this sentence: How he got his powder to strike at 280 Kelvin in 10 millibars of CO2 remained a mystery.
You’re slapping your reader around the face with facts, where what I suspect what you wanted to do was offer a humourous nod to the impracticality of a weapon designed for Earth temperatures and pressures in a completely different, and much more hostile environment.
As it stands, what you’ve done, is break the fictional aspect and point out to your reader why they shouldn’t suspend their disbelief.